The term ‘shin splints‘ refers to generalized pain in the front of the lower leg along the shin bone (tibia). Shin splints are the result of trauma to either the muscles or bones of the lower leg. Muscle trauma can result from things such as overtraining or excessive running on hard surfaces. Overuse makes the muscles swell, putting pressure on the fascia that covers the lower leg, and resulting in pressure and pain.

Alternatively, bone trauma can result in stress fractures. In short, repeated pounding can cause tiny cracks/fractures in the lower leg bones (tibia and/or fibula).

Risk factors for shin splints include: running on hard surfaces, worn or poorly cushioned footwear, improper stretching, lack of warm-up, training too hard, increasing mileage too quickly, etc.

Treatment: Pain and inflammation associated with shin splints can be treated using the R.I.C.E. method. Activity should be resumed gradually, and using non-weight bearing activities such as swimming and biking until discomfort disappears. If pain continues for three weeks or longer, see a medical professional for a proper diagnosis and advice.